| 1452 | 04/15 Leonardo da Vinci born |
|---|---|
| 1466 | 10/27 James Cook is born |
| 1473 | 02/19 Nicolas Copernicus born in Thorn, Poland |
| 1485 | 08/22 Death of King Richard III, Last of the Plantagenets |
| 1492 | 08/03 Columbus sets sail for Cathay |
| 1498 | 06/26 Toothbrush invented |
| 1505 | Reformationist John Knox born |
| 1509 | 07/10 John Calvin born |
| 1517 | 10/31 Luther nails 95 Theses to door of Castle Church, Wittenberg |
| 1519 | 09/20 Magellan leaves Spain on the first Round the World passage |
| 1521 | 04/27 Magellan killed in Phillippines |
| 1533 | 09/07 Queen Elizabeth I of England born |
| 1536 | Anne Boleyn executed for treason Henry VIII marries Jane Seymour |
| 1537 | Elizabeth declared a bastard Edward born to Henry VIII and Jane Seymour Jane Seymour dies Lady Jane Grey born |
| 1539 | Henry marries and separates from Anne of Cleves |
| 1540 | Henry marries Anne Boleyn's cousin Catherine Howard |
| 1542 | Catherine Howard executed |
| 1543 | Henry marries Catherine Parr |
| 1547 | Henry VIII dies Edward VI crowned Elizabeth lives with Catherine Parr |
| 1548 | Elizabeth leaves Catherine Parr's household under questionable circumstances because of rumors of an affair between Elizabeth and Thomas Seymour, Catherine's husband Catherine dies in childbirth |
| 1549 | Thomas Seymour tried and executed for treason |
| 1551 | Elizabeth returns to court in London |
| 1553 | Edward VI dies 7/10 Lady Jane Grey crowned 7/19 Crown relinquished to Mary I Mary I on Throne |
| 1554 | Mary I married Philip II of Spain Lady Jane Grey executed Protestant rebellion and rumors of Elizabeth's involvement have her imprisoned in the Tower of London on false charges. |
| 1555 | Mary I has 300 heretics burned at the stake. Philip II leaves for Netherlands |
| 1558 | Mary I dies 01/15 Elizabeth I crowned |
| 1561 | 01/22 Sir Francis Bacon born Mary (Stuart) Queen of Scots returns from France to Scotland |
| 1564 | Christopher Marlowe born 02/15 Galileo Galilei born in Pisa, Italy 04/26 William Shakespeare baptised in Stratford-on-Avon, England |
| 1565 | Mary Stuart marries Lord Darnley, strengthening her claim to the throne of England. |
| 1567 | Darnley murdered Mary marries Lord Bothwell Mary, Queen of Scots dethroned and imprisoned. |
| 1568 | Mary Stuart flees imprisonment to England, where she is imprisoned by Elizabeth. |
| 1572 | Ben Jonson born |
| 1573 | John Donne born 09/28 Michelangelo Buanarroti born in Caprese, Italy |
| 1582 | Shakespeare married |
| 1587 | Mary Queen of Scotts beheaded for conspiracy |
| 1588 | Spanish Armada defeated Shakespeare writes Comedy of Errors 04/05 Thomas Hobbes born, philosopher Robert Dudley dies |
| 1596 | Shakespeare writes Romeo and Juliet |
| 1596 | 03/31 Descartes born, mathematician & philosopher |
| 1599 | Globe Theater built |
| 1602 | Elizabeth I dies |
| 1602 | James I of Scotland becomes the ruler of England and Scotland |
| 1605 | 11/05 Guy Fawkes' Plot |
| 1620 | 09/06 149 Pilgrims set forth from England aboard the Mayflower |
| 1629 | 09/14 Salem, Massachusetts, is founded |